Sensory Filtering in the Human Basal Ganglia as a Mechanism of Parkinson's Disease

Inclusion criteria

• PD participants):
• Age \>18 years
• Clinically definite, advanced idiopathic PD based on consensus criteria.
• Normal, or essentially normal, preoperative brain MRI.
• Patient is available for follow-up visits over the length of the study
• Patient has elected to undergo DBS surgery as part of routine care, and subthalamic nucleus (STN) is determined as the appropriate surgical target
• Inclusion criteria (control participants):
• Age \>18 years.
• No diagnosis of PD, other movement disorder, or other significant neurological disease.

Exclusion criteria

• PD participants):
• Age \<18 years.
• Medical contraindications such as current uncontrolled hypertension, heart disease, coagulopathy, or other conditions that might increase the risk of surgery
• Diagnosis or suspicion of atypical Parkinsonism (PSP, MSA, CBD) or drug-induced Parkinsonism, or significant neurological disease other than PD.
• Diagnosis of psychogenic movement disorder based on consensus criteria
• Prior DBS surgery or ablation
• Clinical dementia and/or Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) score of \<5th percentile adjusted for age and education level, based upon routine pre-op NP testing.
• Unable to withhold dopaminergic medications for at least 12 hours prior to scheduled visit
• Exclusion criteria (control participants):
• Age \<18 years.
• Previous diagnosis of PD, other movement disorder, or other significant neurological disease.