The (Cost-)Effectiveness of Surgical Excision of Colorectal Endometriosis Compared to ART Treatment Trajectory

Inclusion criteria

• Colorectal endometriosis defined as endometriosis involving the (colo)rectum:
• #Enzian classification score C1,C2,C3 (C=rectum) or FI (F=far locations, I=sigmoid colon) detected with ultrasound or MRI;
• Women in a heterosexual or in a same-sex relationship;
• The patient has an active wish to conceive and experiences at least one of the following criteria:
• At least one year of non-conception (either spontaneous of after intra uterine inseminations)
• Inability to have timed intercourse because of pain (dyspareunia and/or chronic pelvic pain)
• Severe complaints (expectant management is not acceptable (anymore)
• The patients has an indication for IVF/ICSI according to Dutch guidelines (Werkgroep netwerkrichtlijn, december 2010);
• failed intra uterine insemination
• male factor subfertility (oligoasthenoteratozoospermia defined as VCM \<1 million)
• bilateral tubal pathology (e.g. bilateral hydrosalpinx, bilateral tubal occlusion)
• age \> 38 years and (unexplained) subfertility
• severe endometriosis in case of subfertility
• The patient is faces the choice between IVF/ICSI or laparoscopic (colorectal) endometriosis or is on the waiting list for a respective treatment at T=0 (at the beginning of the treatment trajectory), T=1 (after one unsuccessful IVF/ICSI cycle) or T=2 (after 2 unsuccessful IVF/ICSI cycles)

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with deep endometriosis without colorectal involvement;
• Patients who conceive spontaneously prior to intervention;
• Patients requiring surgery on short notice and therefore unable to opt for IVF/ICSI (e.g. in case of unilateral or bilateral hydronephrosis, severe bowel stenosis and suspicion of an impending ileus);
• Patients with a contra-indication for IVF/ICSI (e.g. diminished ovarian reserve (premature ovarian failure) (AMH (when available) \<p10 adjusted for age), untreated congenital uterine abnormalities, maltreated/untreated systemic or malignant disease or severe risk factors for oocyte aspiration);
• Patients diagnosed with other diseases causing infertility (e.g. recurrent miscarriages, antiphospholipid syndrome);
• Not able to read and understand Dutch or English.