Outcomes of the PLHIV With Suboptimal Viral Suppression to Injectable Long-acting Antiretrovirals

Inclusion criteria

• Willing to sign the written informed consent form for male and female participants aged 18 and above.
• At the time of enrollment, diagnosed with HIV infection for a minimum of 12 months.
• Under oral antiretroviral treatment (ART), which can be irregular or interrupted, with the most recent viral load ≥ 200 copies/mL.
• Body weight ≥ 35Kg.
• Willing to maintain contact with the research team throughout the study (provide accurate and reachable phone numbers, social accounts like Line, or reliable contact information of family or friends).
• Willing to receive gluteal (buttocks) drug injections.
• Willing to transition back to oral medication or follow the recommended treatment prescription according to the then-current national treatment guidelines after discontinuation of long-acting injectable drugs.

Exclusion criteria

• For those currently undergoing oral antiretroviral therapy, who have started or restarted oral ART for less than six consecutive months before screening.
• Previously undergone HIV drug resistance testing and known to have resistance mutations to either cabotegravir or rilpivirine.
• Unable to commit to maintaining contact with the research team throughout the study.
• Individuals who cannot receive treatment for hepatitis B during the period of transitioning to long-acting injections, if they are hepatitis B carriers.
• Individuals with buttock fillers.
• Women who are planning to become pregnant, pregnant, or currently breastfeeding.