A Real-world Study of Staging and Grading of Clinical Immune Status in Chronic Hepatitis B

Inclusion criteria

• Patients with CHB who were older than 18 years old and younger than 50 years old with HBsAg positivity more than 6 months;
• Group 1 untreated group fulfils any one of the four natural history types of the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Hepatitis B, 2022.
• Group 2 nucleos(t)ide-treated CHB patients are required to have sustained control of their HBV DNA (\<100 IU/ml).

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy status;
• Has been diagnosed with compensated/lost compensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma by imaging or other indicators;
• Combined HAV, HCV, HEV infection, schistosomal liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, severe fatty liver, HIV infection;
• Being on immunosuppressants or immunomodulators or hormonal drugs or biological agents, etc;
• previous history of oncology, organ transplantation, etc., history of alcoholism (\>30 g/d for men, \>20 g/d for women);
• Inadequate follow-up time and inadequate clinical/laboratory information;
• Combined heart, brain, kidney, lung and other organ insufficiency or combined endocrine and haematological system and other major diseases;
• Comorbid serious psychiatric diseases including severe anxiety or depression;
• Unwilling to participate in this study.