Whey Protein Ingestion and Glucose Control in Pre- and Post Diabetic Individuals

Inclusion criteria

• Males and females ages 50-70 years.
• Body mass index between 25-45 kg/m2
• Capable of providing informed consent.
• COVID-19 negative and/or asymptomatic.
• Willing to abstain from drinking alcohol or consuming marijuana and CBD products during the 7-day study meal period on two occasions.
• HbA1c: 5.7-6.4% or 6.5% to 7.5% or fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL

Exclusion criteria

• Subject who does not/will not eat dairy protein sources.
• Subjects taking exogenous insulin injections or GLP /GIP injections or other appetite suppressants.
• Unwilling to keep a detailed 7 day food journal on two occasions
• Unwilling to wear a CGM for 7 days on two occasions and share the data with the research team.
• Lactose intolerance.
• Hemoglobin \<10g/dL at screening.
• History of chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer in the 6 months prior to enrollment.
• History of gastrointestinal bypass/reduction surgery.
• Pregnant or lactating individuals.
• History of a chronic inflammatory disease (e.g. Lupus, Crohn's disease)
• Currently receiving androgen (e.g., testosterone) or anabolic (e.g., GH, IGF-I) therapy.
• Currently using corticosteroid medications (cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone, etc.).
• Unwilling to avoid using protein or amino-acid supplements during participation.
• Unwilling to fast overnight.
• Any medical condition or medication that the PI or clinical study staff finds contradictory to this study.